Googe should have given everyone a warning since earlier this year that Google Podcasts was going to be officially closed down middle of this year. I am sorry that you were not informed.
On July 29th, Google sent out an email reminder that said:
"Although listening in Google Podcasts has been disabled, you now have through August 29th, 2024 (previously July 29th, 2024), to migrate your podcast show subscriptions to YouTube Music, or to download a file of your show subscriptions that you can upload to an app that supports their import."
It is now past August 29th HOWEVER you can see if the product still shows inside of
https://takeout.google.com/?pli=1. If so, then utilize the Google Takeout feature to see if you can obtain the OPML file to see if it saved any information still for you.